Past Participles
Learn Spanish: Forming Past Participles in Spanish
This learn Spanish grammar lesson is on forming past participles in Spanish. In languages, a participle is a type of verbal adjective. It indicates that the noun it modifies is a participant in the action that the participle refers to. For example, in English, some past participles include: I have eaten, I have found, etc.
Forming Past Participles in Spanish
In Spanish, the past participle is formed by dropping the endings from the infinitive and adding the corresponding endings:
| Infinitive Endings |
Past Participle Endings |
Past Participle |
| habl-ar |
ado |
hablado |
| com-er |
ido |
comido |
| viv-ir |
ido |
vivido |
Irregular Past Participles
What should be no surprise to you at this point, in Spanish there are some verbs that have irregular past participles. See the list below:
| Verb |
Irregular Past Participle *** |
| abrir (to open) |
abierto (opened) |
| decir (to say) |
dicho (said ) |
| hacer (to do/make) |
hecho (done/made) |
| escribir (to write) |
escrito (written) |
| morrir (to die) |
muerto (dead) |
| poner (to put) |
puesto (put) |
| romper (to break) |
roto (broken) |
| ver (to see) |
visto (seen) |
| volver (to return) |
vuelto (returned) |
*** Note that verbs containing these verbs within it also form an irregular past participle similarly. For example:
The past participle of the verb describir (to describe) would be descrito.
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